bootstrap-fileinput/js/plugins/buffer.js

/*!
 * The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
 *
 * Modified from https://github.com/feross/buffer to be used standalone on browser based apps.
 *
 * Author: Kartik Visweswaran, Krajee.com
 */
'use strict';

const base64 = {
    fromByteArray: function (uint8) {
        var tmp, len = uint8.length, extraBytes = len % 3, // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
            parts = [], maxChunkLength = 16383; // must be multiple of 3

        // go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
        for (var i = 0, len2 = len - extraBytes; i < len2; i += maxChunkLength) {
            parts.push(encodeChunk(uint8, i, (i + maxChunkLength) > len2 ? len2 : (i + maxChunkLength)));
        }

        // pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
        if (extraBytes === 1) {
            tmp = uint8[len - 1];
            parts.push(lookup[tmp >> 2] + lookup[(tmp << 4) & 0x3F] + '==');
        } else if (extraBytes === 2) {
            tmp = (uint8[len - 2] << 8) + uint8[len - 1];
            parts.push(lookup[tmp >> 10] + lookup[(tmp >> 4) & 0x3F] + lookup[(tmp << 2) & 0x3F] + '=');
        }

        return parts.join('');
    },
    toByteArray: function (b64) {
        var tmp, lens = getLens(b64), validLen = lens[0], placeHoldersLen = lens[1],
            arr = new Arr(_byteLength(b64, validLen, placeHoldersLen)), curByte = 0, i,
            // if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
            len = placeHoldersLen > 0 ? validLen - 4 : validLen;
        for (i = 0; i < len; i += 4) {
            tmp =
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 18) |
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 12) |
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] << 6) |
                revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 3)];
            arr[curByte++] = (tmp >> 16) & 0xFF;
            arr[curByte++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF;
            arr[curByte++] = tmp & 0xFF;
        }

        if (placeHoldersLen === 2) {
            tmp =
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 2) |
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] >> 4);
            arr[curByte++] = tmp & 0xFF;
        }

        if (placeHoldersLen === 1) {
            tmp =
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 10) |
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 4) |
                (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] >> 2);
            arr[curByte++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF;
            arr[curByte++] = tmp & 0xFF;
        }

        return arr;
    }
};
const ieee754 = {
    read: function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
        var e, m, eLen = (nBytes * 8) - mLen - 1, eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1, eBias = eMax >> 1, nBits = -7,
            i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0, d = isLE ? -1 : 1, s = buffer[offset + i];

        i += d;
        e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
        s >>= (-nBits);
        nBits += eLen;
        for (; nBits > 0; e = (e * 256) + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {
        }

        m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
        e >>= (-nBits);
        nBits += mLen;
        for (; nBits > 0; m = (m * 256) + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {
        }

        if (e === 0) {
            e = 1 - eBias;
        } else if (e === eMax) {
            return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity);
        } else {
            m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
            e = e - eBias;
        }
        return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen);
    },
    write: function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
        var e, m, c, eLen = (nBytes * 8) - mLen - 1, eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1, eBias = eMax >> 1,
            rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0), i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1),
            d = isLE ? 1 : -1, s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0;

        value = Math.abs(value);

        if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
            m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
            e = eMax;
        } else {
            e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
            if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
                e--;
                c *= 2;
            }
            if (e + eBias >= 1) {
                value += rt / c;
            } else {
                value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
            }
            if (value * c >= 2) {
                e++;
                c /= 2;
            }

            if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
                m = 0;
                e = eMax;
            } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
                m = ((value * c) - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
                e = e + eBias;
            } else {
                m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
                e = 0;
            }
        }

        for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {
        }

        e = (e << mLen) | m;
        eLen += mLen;
        for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {
        }

        buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
    }
};

const customInspectSymbol =
    (typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol['for'] === 'function') // eslint-disable-line dot-notation
        ? Symbol['for']('nodejs.util.inspect.custom') // eslint-disable-line dot-notation
        : null;
const INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50;
const K_MAX_LENGTH = 0x7fffffff;

/**
 * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
 *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
 *   === false   Print warning and recommend using `buffer` v4.x which has an Object
 *               implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
 *
 * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
 * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
 *
 * We report that the browser does not support typed arrays if the are not subclassable
 * using __proto__. Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array`
 * (See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438). IE 10 lacks support
 * for __proto__ and has a buggy typed array implementation.
 */
Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = typedArraySupport();

if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && typeof console !== 'undefined' &&
    typeof console.error === 'function') {
    console.error(
        'This browser lacks typed array (Uint8Array) support which is required by ' +
        '`buffer` v5.x. Use `buffer` v4.x if you require old browser support.'
    );
}

function typedArraySupport() {
    // Can typed array instances can be augmented?
    try {
        const arr = new Uint8Array(1);
        const proto = {
            foo: function () {
                return 42;
            }
        };
        Object.setPrototypeOf(proto, Uint8Array.prototype);
        Object.setPrototypeOf(arr, proto);
        return arr.foo() === 42;
    } catch (e) {
        return false;
    }
}

Object.defineProperty(Buffer.prototype, 'parent', {
    enumerable: true,
    get: function () {
        if (!Buffer.isBuffer(this)) return undefined;
        return this.buffer;
    }
});

Object.defineProperty(Buffer.prototype, 'offset', {
    enumerable: true,
    get: function () {
        if (!Buffer.isBuffer(this)) return undefined;
        return this.byteOffset;
    }
});

function createBuffer(length) {
    if (length > K_MAX_LENGTH) {
        throw new RangeError('The value "' + length + '" is invalid for option "size"');
    }
    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance
    const buf = new Uint8Array(length);
    Object.setPrototypeOf(buf, Buffer.prototype);
    return buf;
}

/**
 * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that have their
 * prototype changed to `Buffer.prototype`. Furthermore, `Buffer` is a subclass of
 * `Uint8Array`, so the returned instances will have all the node `Buffer` methods
 * and the `Uint8Array` methods. Square bracket notation works as expected -- it
 * returns a single octet.
 *
 * The `Uint8Array` prototype remains unmodified.
 */

function Buffer(arg, encodingOrOffset, length) {
    // Common case.
    if (typeof arg === 'number') {
        if (typeof encodingOrOffset === 'string') {
            throw new TypeError(
                'The "string" argument must be of type string. Received type number'
            );
        }
        return allocUnsafe(arg);
    }
    return from(arg, encodingOrOffset, length);
}

Buffer.poolSize = 8192; // not used by this implementation

function from(value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
    if (typeof value === 'string') {
        return fromString(value, encodingOrOffset);
    }

    if (ArrayBuffer.isView(value)) {
        return fromArrayView(value);
    }

    if (value == null) {
        throw new TypeError(
            'The first argument must be one of type string, Buffer, ArrayBuffer, Array, ' +
            'or Array-like Object. Received type ' + (typeof value)
        );
    }

    if (isInstance(value, ArrayBuffer) ||
        (value && isInstance(value.buffer, ArrayBuffer))) {
        return fromArrayBuffer(value, encodingOrOffset, length);
    }

    if (typeof SharedArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' &&
        (isInstance(value, SharedArrayBuffer) ||
            (value && isInstance(value.buffer, SharedArrayBuffer)))) {
        return fromArrayBuffer(value, encodingOrOffset, length);
    }

    if (typeof value === 'number') {
        throw new TypeError(
            'The "value" argument must not be of type number. Received type number'
        );
    }

    const valueOf = value.valueOf && value.valueOf();
    if (valueOf != null && valueOf !== value) {
        return Buffer.from(valueOf, encodingOrOffset, length);
    }

    const b = fromObject(value);
    if (b) return b;

    if (typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' && Symbol.toPrimitive != null &&
        typeof value[Symbol.toPrimitive] === 'function') {
        return Buffer.from(value[Symbol.toPrimitive]('string'), encodingOrOffset, length);
    }

    throw new TypeError(
        'The first argument must be one of type string, Buffer, ArrayBuffer, Array, ' +
        'or Array-like Object. Received type ' + (typeof value)
    );
}

/**
 * Functionally equivalent to Buffer(arg, encoding) but throws a TypeError
 * if value is a number.
 * Buffer.from(str[, encoding])
 * Buffer.from(array)
 * Buffer.from(buffer)
 * Buffer.from(arrayBuffer[, byteOffset[, length]])
 **/
Buffer.from = function (value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
    return from(value, encodingOrOffset, length);
};

// Note: Change prototype *after* Buffer.from is defined to workaround Chrome bug:
// https://github.com/feross/buffer/pull/148
Object.setPrototypeOf(Buffer.prototype, Uint8Array.prototype);
Object.setPrototypeOf(Buffer, Uint8Array);

function assertSize(size) {
    if (typeof size !== 'number') {
        throw new TypeError('"size" argument must be of type number');
    } else if (size < 0) {
        throw new RangeError('The value "' + size + '" is invalid for option "size"');
    }
}

function alloc(size, fill, encoding) {
    assertSize(size);
    if (size <= 0) {
        return createBuffer(size);
    }
    if (fill !== undefined) {
        // Only pay attention to encoding if it's a string. This
        // prevents accidentally sending in a number that would
        // be interpreted as a start offset.
        return typeof encoding === 'string'
            ? createBuffer(size).fill(fill, encoding)
            : createBuffer(size).fill(fill);
    }
    return createBuffer(size);
}

/**
 * Creates a new filled Buffer instance.
 * alloc(size[, fill[, encoding]])
 **/
Buffer.alloc = function (size, fill, encoding) {
    return alloc(size, fill, encoding);
};

function allocUnsafe(size) {
    assertSize(size);
    return createBuffer(size < 0 ? 0 : checked(size) | 0);
}

/**
 * Equivalent to Buffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
 * */
Buffer.allocUnsafe = function (size) {
    return allocUnsafe(size);
};
/**
 * Equivalent to SlowBuffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
 */
Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow = function (size) {
    return allocUnsafe(size);
};

function fromString(string, encoding) {
    if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') {
        encoding = 'utf8';
    }

    if (!Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
        throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
    }

    const length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0;
    let buf = createBuffer(length);

    const actual = buf.write(string, encoding);

    if (actual !== length) {
        // Writing a hex string, for example, that contains invalid characters will
        // cause everything after the first invalid character to be ignored. (e.g.
        // 'abxxcd' will be treated as 'ab')
        buf = buf.slice(0, actual);
    }

    return buf;
}

function fromArrayLike(array) {
    const length = array.length < 0 ? 0 : checked(array.length) | 0;
    const buf = createBuffer(length);
    for (let i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
        buf[i] = array[i] & 255;
    }
    return buf;
}

function fromArrayView(arrayView) {
    if (isInstance(arrayView, Uint8Array)) {
        const copy = new Uint8Array(arrayView);
        return fromArrayBuffer(copy.buffer, copy.byteOffset, copy.byteLength);
    }
    return fromArrayLike(arrayView);
}

function fromArrayBuffer(array, byteOffset, length) {
    if (byteOffset < 0 || array.byteLength < byteOffset) {
        throw new RangeError('"offset" is outside of buffer bounds');
    }

    if (array.byteLength < byteOffset + (length || 0)) {
        throw new RangeError('"length" is outside of buffer bounds');
    }

    let buf;
    if (byteOffset === undefined && length === undefined) {
        buf = new Uint8Array(array);
    } else if (length === undefined) {
        buf = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset);
    } else {
        buf = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset, length);
    }

    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance
    Object.setPrototypeOf(buf, Buffer.prototype);

    return buf;
}

function fromObject(obj) {
    if (Buffer.isBuffer(obj)) {
        const len = checked(obj.length) | 0;
        const buf = createBuffer(len);

        if (buf.length === 0) {
            return buf;
        }

        obj.copy(buf, 0, 0, len);
        return buf;
    }

    if (obj.length !== undefined) {
        if (typeof obj.length !== 'number' || numberIsNaN(obj.length)) {
            return createBuffer(0);
        }
        return fromArrayLike(obj);
    }

    if (obj.type === 'Buffer' && Array.isArray(obj.data)) {
        return fromArrayLike(obj.data);
    }
}

function checked(length) {
    // Note: cannot use `length < K_MAX_LENGTH` here because that fails when
    // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
    if (length >= K_MAX_LENGTH) {
        throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
            'size: 0x' + K_MAX_LENGTH.toString(16) + ' bytes');
    }
    return length | 0;
}

function SlowBuffer(length) {
    if (+length != length) { // eslint-disable-line eqeqeq
        length = 0;
    }
    return Buffer.alloc(+length);
}

Buffer.isBuffer = function isBuffer(b) {
    return b != null && b._isBuffer === true &&
        b !== Buffer.prototype; // so Buffer.isBuffer(Buffer.prototype) will be false
};

Buffer.compare = function compare(a, b) {
    if (isInstance(a, Uint8Array)) a = Buffer.from(a, a.offset, a.byteLength);
    if (isInstance(b, Uint8Array)) b = Buffer.from(b, b.offset, b.byteLength);
    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(a) || !Buffer.isBuffer(b)) {
        throw new TypeError(
            'The "buf1", "buf2" arguments must be one of type Buffer or Uint8Array'
        );
    }

    if (a === b) return 0;

    let x = a.length;
    let y = b.length;

    for (let i = 0, len = Math.min(x, y); i < len; ++i) {
        if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
            x = a[i];
            y = b[i];
            break;
        }
    }

    if (x < y) return -1;
    if (y < x) return 1;
    return 0;
};

Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding(encoding) {
    switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
        case 'hex':
        case 'utf8':
        case 'utf-8':
        case 'ascii':
        case 'latin1':
        case 'binary':
        case 'base64':
        case 'ucs2':
        case 'ucs-2':
        case 'utf16le':
        case 'utf-16le':
            return true;
        default:
            return false;
    }
};

Buffer.concat = function concat(list, length) {
    if (!Array.isArray(list)) {
        throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers');
    }

    if (list.length === 0) {
        return Buffer.alloc(0);
    }

    let i;
    if (length === undefined) {
        length = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
            length += list[i].length;
        }
    }

    const buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(length);
    let pos = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
        let buf = list[i];
        if (isInstance(buf, Uint8Array)) {
            if (pos + buf.length > buffer.length) {
                if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) {
                    buf = Buffer.from(buf.buffer, buf.byteOffset, buf.byteLength);
                }
                buf.copy(buffer, pos);
            } else {
                Uint8Array.prototype.set.call(
                    buffer,
                    buf,
                    pos
                );
            }
        } else if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) {
            throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers');
        } else {
            buf.copy(buffer, pos);
        }
        pos += buf.length;
    }
    return buffer;
};

function byteLength(string, encoding) {
    if (Buffer.isBuffer(string)) {
        return string.length;
    }
    if (ArrayBuffer.isView(string) || isInstance(string, ArrayBuffer)) {
        return string.byteLength;
    }
    if (typeof string !== 'string') {
        throw new TypeError(
            'The "string" argument must be one of type string, Buffer, or ArrayBuffer. ' +
            'Received type ' + typeof string
        );
    }

    const len = string.length;
    const mustMatch = (arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] === true);
    if (!mustMatch && len === 0) return 0;

    // Use a for loop to avoid recursion
    let loweredCase = false;
    for (; ;) {
        switch (encoding) {
            case 'ascii':
            case 'latin1':
            case 'binary':
                return len;
            case 'utf8':
            case 'utf-8':
                return utf8ToBytes(string).length;
            case 'ucs2':
            case 'ucs-2':
            case 'utf16le':
            case 'utf-16le':
                return len * 2;
            case 'hex':
                return len >>> 1;
            case 'base64':
                return base64ToBytes(string).length;
            default:
                if (loweredCase) {
                    return mustMatch ? -1 : utf8ToBytes(string).length; // assume utf8
                }
                encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase();
                loweredCase = true;
        }
    }
}

Buffer.byteLength = byteLength;

function slowToString(encoding, start, end) {
    let loweredCase = false;

    // No need to verify that "this.length <= MAX_UINT32" since it's a read-only
    // property of a typed array.

    // This behaves neither like String nor Uint8Array in that we set start/end
    // to their upper/lower bounds if the value passed is out of range.
    // undefined is handled specially as per ECMA-262 6th Edition,
    // Section 13.3.3.7 Runtime Semantics: KeyedBindingInitialization.
    if (start === undefined || start < 0) {
        start = 0;
    }
    // Return early if start > this.length. Done here to prevent potential uint32
    // coercion fail below.
    if (start > this.length) {
        return '';
    }

    if (end === undefined || end > this.length) {
        end = this.length;
    }

    if (end <= 0) {
        return '';
    }

    // Force coercion to uint32. This will also coerce falsey/NaN values to 0.
    end >>>= 0;
    start >>>= 0;

    if (end <= start) {
        return '';
    }

    if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8';

    while (true) {
        switch (encoding) {
            case 'hex':
                return hexSlice(this, start, end);

            case 'utf8':
            case 'utf-8':
                return utf8Slice(this, start, end);

            case 'ascii':
                return asciiSlice(this, start, end);

            case 'latin1':
            case 'binary':
                return latin1Slice(this, start, end);

            case 'base64':
                return base64Slice(this, start, end);

            case 'ucs2':
            case 'ucs-2':
            case 'utf16le':
            case 'utf-16le':
                return utf16leSlice(this, start, end);

            default:
                if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
                encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase();
                loweredCase = true;
        }
    }
}

// This property is used by `Buffer.isBuffer` (and the `is-buffer` npm package)
// to detect a Buffer instance. It's not possible to use `instanceof Buffer`
// reliably in a browserify context because there could be multiple different
// copies of the 'buffer' package in use. This method works even for Buffer
// instances that were created from another copy of the `buffer` package.
// See: https://github.com/feross/buffer/issues/154
Buffer.prototype._isBuffer = true;

function swap(b, n, m) {
    const i = b[n];
    b[n] = b[m];
    b[m] = i;
}

Buffer.prototype.swap16 = function swap16() {
    const len = this.length;
    if (len % 2 !== 0) {
        throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 16-bits');
    }
    for (let i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
        swap(this, i, i + 1);
    }
    return this;
};

Buffer.prototype.swap32 = function swap32() {
    const len = this.length;
    if (len % 4 !== 0) {
        throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 32-bits');
    }
    for (let i = 0; i < len; i += 4) {
        swap(this, i, i + 3);
        swap(this, i + 1, i + 2);
    }
    return this;
};

Buffer.prototype.swap64 = function swap64() {
    const len = this.length;
    if (len % 8 !== 0) {
        throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 64-bits');
    }
    for (let i = 0; i < len; i += 8) {
        swap(this, i, i + 7);
        swap(this, i + 1, i + 6);
        swap(this, i + 2, i + 5);
        swap(this, i + 3, i + 4);
    }
    return this;
};

Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString() {
    const length = this.length;
    if (length === 0) return '';
    if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length);
    return slowToString.apply(this, arguments);
};

Buffer.prototype.toLocaleString = Buffer.prototype.toString;

Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals(b) {
    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer');
    if (this === b) return true;
    return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0;
};

Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect() {
    let str = '';
    const max = INSPECT_MAX_BYTES;
    str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).replace(/(.{2})/g, '$1 ').trim();
    if (this.length > max) str += ' ... ';
    return '<Buffer ' + str + '>';
};
if (customInspectSymbol) {
    Buffer.prototype[customInspectSymbol] = Buffer.prototype.inspect;
}

Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare(target, start, end, thisStart, thisEnd) {
    if (isInstance(target, Uint8Array)) {
        target = Buffer.from(target, target.offset, target.byteLength);
    }
    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(target)) {
        throw new TypeError(
            'The "target" argument must be one of type Buffer or Uint8Array. ' +
            'Received type ' + (typeof target)
        );
    }

    if (start === undefined) {
        start = 0;
    }
    if (end === undefined) {
        end = target ? target.length : 0;
    }
    if (thisStart === undefined) {
        thisStart = 0;
    }
    if (thisEnd === undefined) {
        thisEnd = this.length;
    }

    if (start < 0 || end > target.length || thisStart < 0 || thisEnd > this.length) {
        throw new RangeError('out of range index');
    }

    if (thisStart >= thisEnd && start >= end) {
        return 0;
    }
    if (thisStart >= thisEnd) {
        return -1;
    }
    if (start >= end) {
        return 1;
    }

    start >>>= 0;
    end >>>= 0;
    thisStart >>>= 0;
    thisEnd >>>= 0;

    if (this === target) return 0;

    let x = thisEnd - thisStart;
    let y = end - start;
    const len = Math.min(x, y);

    const thisCopy = this.slice(thisStart, thisEnd);
    const targetCopy = target.slice(start, end);

    for (let i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
        if (thisCopy[i] !== targetCopy[i]) {
            x = thisCopy[i];
            y = targetCopy[i];
            break;
        }
    }

    if (x < y) return -1;
    if (y < x) return 1;
    return 0;
};

// Finds either the first index of `val` in `buffer` at offset >= `byteOffset`,
// OR the last index of `val` in `buffer` at offset <= `byteOffset`.
//
// Arguments:
// - buffer - a Buffer to search
// - val - a string, Buffer, or number
// - byteOffset - an index into `buffer`; will be clamped to an int32
// - encoding - an optional encoding, relevant is val is a string
// - dir - true for indexOf, false for lastIndexOf
function bidirectionalIndexOf(buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
    // Empty buffer means no match
    if (buffer.length === 0) return -1;

    // Normalize byteOffset
    if (typeof byteOffset === 'string') {
        encoding = byteOffset;
        byteOffset = 0;
    } else if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) {
        byteOffset = 0x7fffffff;
    } else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) {
        byteOffset = -0x80000000;
    }
    byteOffset = +byteOffset; // Coerce to Number.
    if (numberIsNaN(byteOffset)) {
        // byteOffset: it it's undefined, null, NaN, "foo", etc, search whole buffer
        byteOffset = dir ? 0 : (buffer.length - 1);
    }

    // Normalize byteOffset: negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
    if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = buffer.length + byteOffset;
    if (byteOffset >= buffer.length) {
        if (dir) return -1;
        else byteOffset = buffer.length - 1;
    } else if (byteOffset < 0) {
        if (dir) byteOffset = 0;
        else return -1;
    }

    // Normalize val
    if (typeof val === 'string') {
        val = Buffer.from(val, encoding);
    }

    // Finally, search either indexOf (if dir is true) or lastIndexOf
    if (Buffer.isBuffer(val)) {
        // Special case: looking for empty string/buffer always fails
        if (val.length === 0) {
            return -1;
        }
        return arrayIndexOf(buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir);
    } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
        val = val & 0xFF; // Search for a byte value [0-255]
        if (typeof Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
            if (dir) {
                return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset);
            } else {
                return Uint8Array.prototype.lastIndexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset);
            }
        }
        return arrayIndexOf(buffer, [val], byteOffset, encoding, dir);
    }

    throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer');
}

function arrayIndexOf(arr, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
    let indexSize = 1;
    let arrLength = arr.length;
    let valLength = val.length;

    if (encoding !== undefined) {
        encoding = String(encoding).toLowerCase();
        if (encoding === 'ucs2' || encoding === 'ucs-2' ||
            encoding === 'utf16le' || encoding === 'utf-16le') {
            if (arr.length < 2 || val.length < 2) {
                return -1;
            }
            indexSize = 2;
            arrLength /= 2;
            valLength /= 2;
            byteOffset /= 2;
        }
    }

    function read(buf, i) {
        if (indexSize === 1) {
            return buf[i];
        } else {
            return buf.readUInt16BE(i * indexSize);
        }
    }

    let i;
    if (dir) {
        let foundIndex = -1;
        for (i = byteOffset; i < arrLength; i++) {
            if (read(arr, i) === read(val, foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex)) {
                if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i;
                if (i - foundIndex + 1 === valLength) return foundIndex * indexSize;
            } else {
                if (foundIndex !== -1) i -= i - foundIndex;
                foundIndex = -1;
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (byteOffset + valLength > arrLength) byteOffset = arrLength - valLength;
        for (i = byteOffset; i >= 0; i--) {
            let found = true;
            for (let j = 0; j < valLength; j++) {
                if (read(arr, i + j) !== read(val, j)) {
                    found = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (found) return i;
        }
    }

    return -1;
}

Buffer.prototype.includes = function includes(val, byteOffset, encoding) {
    return this.indexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) !== -1;
};

Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) {
    return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, true);
};

Buffer.prototype.lastIndexOf = function lastIndexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) {
    return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, false);
};

function hexWrite(buf, string, offset, length) {
    offset = Number(offset) || 0;
    const remaining = buf.length - offset;
    if (!length) {
        length = remaining;
    } else {
        length = Number(length);
        if (length > remaining) {
            length = remaining;
        }
    }

    const strLen = string.length;

    if (length > strLen / 2) {
        length = strLen / 2;
    }
    let i;
    for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
        const parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16);
        if (numberIsNaN(parsed)) return i;
        buf[offset + i] = parsed;
    }
    return i;
}

function utf8Write(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length);
}

function asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length);
}

function base64Write(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length);
}

function ucs2Write(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length);
}

Buffer.prototype.write = function write(string, offset, length, encoding) {
    // Buffer#write(string)
    if (offset === undefined) {
        encoding = 'utf8';
        length = this.length;
        offset = 0;
        // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
    } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
        encoding = offset;
        length = this.length;
        offset = 0;
        // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
    } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (isFinite(length)) {
            length = length >>> 0;
            if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8';
        } else {
            encoding = length;
            length = undefined;
        }
    } else {
        throw new Error(
            'Buffer.write(string, encoding, offset[, length]) is no longer supported'
        );
    }

    const remaining = this.length - offset;
    if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining;

    if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
        throw new RangeError('Attempt to write outside buffer bounds');
    }

    if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8';

    let loweredCase = false;
    for (; ;) {
        switch (encoding) {
            case 'hex':
                return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length);

            case 'utf8':
            case 'utf-8':
                return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length);

            case 'ascii':
            case 'latin1':
            case 'binary':
                return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length);

            case 'base64':
                // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
                return base64Write(this, string, offset, length);

            case 'ucs2':
            case 'ucs-2':
            case 'utf16le':
            case 'utf-16le':
                return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length);

            default:
                if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
                encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase();
                loweredCase = true;
        }
    }
};

Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON() {
    return {
        type: 'Buffer',
        data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
    };
};

function base64Slice(buf, start, end) {
    if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
        return base64.fromByteArray(buf);
    } else {
        return base64.fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end));
    }
}

function utf8Slice(buf, start, end) {
    end = Math.min(buf.length, end);
    const res = [];

    let i = start;
    while (i < end) {
        const firstByte = buf[i];
        let codePoint = null;
        let bytesPerSequence = (firstByte > 0xEF)
            ? 4
            : (firstByte > 0xDF)
                ? 3
                : (firstByte > 0xBF)
                    ? 2
                    : 1;

        if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
            let secondByte, thirdByte, fourthByte, tempCodePoint;

            switch (bytesPerSequence) {
                case 1:
                    if (firstByte < 0x80) {
                        codePoint = firstByte;
                    }
                    break;
                case 2:
                    secondByte = buf[i + 1];
                    if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (secondByte & 0x3F);
                        if (tempCodePoint > 0x7F) {
                            codePoint = tempCodePoint;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case 3:
                    secondByte = buf[i + 1];
                    thirdByte = buf[i + 2];
                    if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0xC | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (thirdByte & 0x3F);
                        if (tempCodePoint > 0x7FF && (tempCodePoint < 0xD800 || tempCodePoint > 0xDFFF)) {
                            codePoint = tempCodePoint;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case 4:
                    secondByte = buf[i + 1];
                    thirdByte = buf[i + 2];
                    fourthByte = buf[i + 3];
                    if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (fourthByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0x12 | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0xC | (thirdByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (fourthByte & 0x3F);
                        if (tempCodePoint > 0xFFFF && tempCodePoint < 0x110000) {
                            codePoint = tempCodePoint;
                        }
                    }
            }
        }

        if (codePoint === null) {
            // we did not generate a valid codePoint so insert a
            // replacement char (U+FFFD) and advance only 1 byte
            codePoint = 0xFFFD;
            bytesPerSequence = 1;
        } else if (codePoint > 0xFFFF) {
            // encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
            codePoint -= 0x10000;
            res.push(codePoint >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
            codePoint = 0xDC00 | codePoint & 0x3FF;
        }

        res.push(codePoint);
        i += bytesPerSequence;
    }

    return decodeCodePointsArray(res);
}

// Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/22747272/680742, the browser with
// the lowest limit is Chrome, with 0x10000 args.
// We go 1 magnitude less, for safety
const MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH = 0x1000;

function decodeCodePointsArray(codePoints) {
    const len = codePoints.length;
    if (len <= MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH) {
        return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, codePoints); // avoid extra slice()
    }

    // Decode in chunks to avoid "call stack size exceeded".
    let res = '';
    let i = 0;
    while (i < len) {
        res += String.fromCharCode.apply(
            String,
            codePoints.slice(i, i += MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH)
        );
    }
    return res;
}

function asciiSlice(buf, start, end) {
    let ret = '';
    end = Math.min(buf.length, end);

    for (let i = start; i < end; ++i) {
        ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7F);
    }
    return ret;
}

function latin1Slice(buf, start, end) {
    let ret = '';
    end = Math.min(buf.length, end);

    for (let i = start; i < end; ++i) {
        ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i]);
    }
    return ret;
}

function hexSlice(buf, start, end) {
    const len = buf.length;

    if (!start || start < 0) start = 0;
    if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len;

    let out = '';
    for (let i = start; i < end; ++i) {
        out += hexSliceLookupTable[buf[i]];
    }
    return out;
}

function utf16leSlice(buf, start, end) {
    const bytes = buf.slice(start, end);
    let res = '';
    // If bytes.length is odd, the last 8 bits must be ignored (same as node.js)
    for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length - 1; i += 2) {
        res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + (bytes[i + 1] * 256));
    }
    return res;
}

Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice(start, end) {
    const len = this.length;
    start = ~~start;
    end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end;

    if (start < 0) {
        start += len;
        if (start < 0) start = 0;
    } else if (start > len) {
        start = len;
    }

    if (end < 0) {
        end += len;
        if (end < 0) end = 0;
    } else if (end > len) {
        end = len;
    }

    if (end < start) end = start;

    const newBuf = this.subarray(start, end);
    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance
    Object.setPrototypeOf(newBuf, Buffer.prototype);

    return newBuf;
};

/*
 * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
 */
function checkOffset(offset, ext, length) {
    if ((offset % 1) !== 0 || offset < 0) throw new RangeError('offset is not uint');
    if (offset + ext > length) throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length');
}

Buffer.prototype.readUintLE =
    Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE(offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        byteLength = byteLength >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

        let val = this[offset];
        let mul = 1;
        let i = 0;
        while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
            val += this[offset + i] * mul;
        }

        return val;
    };

Buffer.prototype.readUintBE =
    Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE(offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        byteLength = byteLength >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) {
            checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);
        }

        let val = this[offset + --byteLength];
        let mul = 1;
        while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
            val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul;
        }

        return val;
    };

Buffer.prototype.readUint8 =
    Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8(offset, noAssert) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length);
        return this[offset];
    };

Buffer.prototype.readUint16LE =
    Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE(offset, noAssert) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
        return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8);
    };

Buffer.prototype.readUint16BE =
    Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE(offset, noAssert) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
        return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1];
    };

Buffer.prototype.readUint32LE =
    Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE(offset, noAssert) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

        return ((this[offset]) |
                (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
                (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
            (this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000);
    };

Buffer.prototype.readUint32BE =
    Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE(offset, noAssert) {
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

        return (this[offset] * 0x1000000) +
            ((this[offset + 1] << 16) |
                (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
                this[offset + 3]);
    };

Buffer.prototype.readBigUInt64LE = defineBigIntMethod(function readBigUInt64LE(offset) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    validateNumber(offset, 'offset');
    const first = this[offset];
    const last = this[offset + 7];
    if (first === undefined || last === undefined) {
        boundsError(offset, this.length - 8);
    }

    const lo = first +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 8 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 16 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 24;

    const hi = this[++offset] +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 8 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 16 +
        last * 2 ** 24;

    return BigInt(lo) + (BigInt(hi) << BigInt(32));
});

Buffer.prototype.readBigUInt64BE = defineBigIntMethod(function readBigUInt64BE(offset) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    validateNumber(offset, 'offset');
    const first = this[offset];
    const last = this[offset + 7];
    if (first === undefined || last === undefined) {
        boundsError(offset, this.length - 8);
    }

    const hi = first * 2 ** 24 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 16 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 8 +
        this[++offset];

    const lo = this[++offset] * 2 ** 24 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 16 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 8 +
        last;

    return (BigInt(hi) << BigInt(32)) + BigInt(lo);
});

Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE(offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    byteLength = byteLength >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

    let val = this[offset];
    let mul = 1;
    let i = 0;
    while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        val += this[offset + i] * mul;
    }
    mul *= 0x80;

    if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength);

    return val;
};

Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE(offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    byteLength = byteLength >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

    let i = byteLength;
    let mul = 1;
    let val = this[offset + --i];
    while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        val += this[offset + --i] * mul;
    }
    mul *= 0x80;

    if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength);

    return val;
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length);
    if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return (this[offset]);
    return ((0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1);
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
    const val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8);
    return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val;
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
    const val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8);
    return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val;
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

    return (this[offset]) |
        (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
        (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
        (this[offset + 3] << 24);
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

    return (this[offset] << 24) |
        (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
        (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
        (this[offset + 3]);
};

Buffer.prototype.readBigInt64LE = defineBigIntMethod(function readBigInt64LE(offset) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    validateNumber(offset, 'offset');
    const first = this[offset];
    const last = this[offset + 7];
    if (first === undefined || last === undefined) {
        boundsError(offset, this.length - 8);
    }

    const val = this[offset + 4] +
        this[offset + 5] * 2 ** 8 +
        this[offset + 6] * 2 ** 16 +
        (last << 24); // Overflow

    return (BigInt(val) << BigInt(32)) +
        BigInt(first +
            this[++offset] * 2 ** 8 +
            this[++offset] * 2 ** 16 +
            this[++offset] * 2 ** 24);
});

Buffer.prototype.readBigInt64BE = defineBigIntMethod(function readBigInt64BE(offset) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    validateNumber(offset, 'offset');
    const first = this[offset];
    const last = this[offset + 7];
    if (first === undefined || last === undefined) {
        boundsError(offset, this.length - 8);
    }

    const val = (first << 24) + // Overflow
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 16 +
        this[++offset] * 2 ** 8 +
        this[++offset];

    return (BigInt(val) << BigInt(32)) +
        BigInt(this[++offset] * 2 ** 24 +
            this[++offset] * 2 ** 16 +
            this[++offset] * 2 ** 8 +
            last);
});

Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);
    return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 23, 4);
};

Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);
    return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 23, 4);
};

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length);
    return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 52, 8);
};

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE(offset, noAssert) {
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length);
    return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 52, 8);
};

function checkInt(buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) throw new TypeError('"buffer" argument must be a Buffer instance');
    if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('"value" argument is out of bounds');
    if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range');
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUintLE =
    Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE(value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
        value = +value;
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        byteLength = byteLength >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) {
            const maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1;
            checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0);
        }

        let mul = 1;
        let i = 0;
        this[offset] = value & 0xFF;
        while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
            this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF;
        }

        return offset + byteLength;
    };

Buffer.prototype.writeUintBE =
    Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE(value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
        value = +value;
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        byteLength = byteLength >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) {
            const maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1;
            checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0);
        }

        let i = byteLength - 1;
        let mul = 1;
        this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF;
        while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
            this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF;
        }

        return offset + byteLength;
    };

Buffer.prototype.writeUint8 =
    Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8(value, offset, noAssert) {
        value = +value;
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0);
        this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
        return offset + 1;
    };

Buffer.prototype.writeUint16LE =
    Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE(value, offset, noAssert) {
        value = +value;
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0);
        this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
        this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
        return offset + 2;
    };

Buffer.prototype.writeUint16BE =
    Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE(value, offset, noAssert) {
        value = +value;
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0);
        this[offset] = (value >>> 8);
        this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff);
        return offset + 2;
    };

Buffer.prototype.writeUint32LE =
    Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE(value, offset, noAssert) {
        value = +value;
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0);
        this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24);
        this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16);
        this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
        this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
        return offset + 4;
    };

Buffer.prototype.writeUint32BE =
    Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE(value, offset, noAssert) {
        value = +value;
        offset = offset >>> 0;
        if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0);
        this[offset] = (value >>> 24);
        this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16);
        this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8);
        this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff);
        return offset + 4;
    };

function wrtBigUInt64LE(buf, value, offset, min, max) {
    checkIntBI(value, min, max, buf, offset, 7);

    let lo = Number(value & BigInt(0xffffffff));
    buf[offset++] = lo;
    lo = lo >> 8;
    buf[offset++] = lo;
    lo = lo >> 8;
    buf[offset++] = lo;
    lo = lo >> 8;
    buf[offset++] = lo;
    let hi = Number(value >> BigInt(32) & BigInt(0xffffffff));
    buf[offset++] = hi;
    hi = hi >> 8;
    buf[offset++] = hi;
    hi = hi >> 8;
    buf[offset++] = hi;
    hi = hi >> 8;
    buf[offset++] = hi;
    return offset;
}

function wrtBigUInt64BE(buf, value, offset, min, max) {
    checkIntBI(value, min, max, buf, offset, 7);

    let lo = Number(value & BigInt(0xffffffff));
    buf[offset + 7] = lo;
    lo = lo >> 8;
    buf[offset + 6] = lo;
    lo = lo >> 8;
    buf[offset + 5] = lo;
    lo = lo >> 8;
    buf[offset + 4] = lo;
    let hi = Number(value >> BigInt(32) & BigInt(0xffffffff));
    buf[offset + 3] = hi;
    hi = hi >> 8;
    buf[offset + 2] = hi;
    hi = hi >> 8;
    buf[offset + 1] = hi;
    hi = hi >> 8;
    buf[offset] = hi;
    return offset + 8;
}

Buffer.prototype.writeBigUInt64LE = defineBigIntMethod(function writeBigUInt64LE(value, offset = 0) {
    return wrtBigUInt64LE(this, value, offset, BigInt(0), BigInt('0xffffffffffffffff'));
});

Buffer.prototype.writeBigUInt64BE = defineBigIntMethod(function writeBigUInt64BE(value, offset = 0) {
    return wrtBigUInt64BE(this, value, offset, BigInt(0), BigInt('0xffffffffffffffff'));
});

Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE(value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) {
        const limit = Math.pow(2, (8 * byteLength) - 1);

        checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit);
    }

    let i = 0;
    let mul = 1;
    let sub = 0;
    this[offset] = value & 0xFF;
    while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i - 1] !== 0) {
            sub = 1;
        }
        this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF;
    }

    return offset + byteLength;
};

Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE(value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) {
        const limit = Math.pow(2, (8 * byteLength) - 1);

        checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit);
    }

    let i = byteLength - 1;
    let mul = 1;
    let sub = 0;
    this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF;
    while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i + 1] !== 0) {
            sub = 1;
        }
        this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF;
    }

    return offset + byteLength;
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -0x80);
    if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1;
    this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
    return offset + 1;
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000);
    this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
    return offset + 2;
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000);
    this[offset] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff);
    return offset + 2;
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000);
    this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16);
    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24);
    return offset + 4;
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000);
    if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1;
    this[offset] = (value >>> 24);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16);
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff);
    return offset + 4;
};

Buffer.prototype.writeBigInt64LE = defineBigIntMethod(function writeBigInt64LE(value, offset = 0) {
    return wrtBigUInt64LE(this, value, offset, -BigInt('0x8000000000000000'), BigInt('0x7fffffffffffffff'));
});

Buffer.prototype.writeBigInt64BE = defineBigIntMethod(function writeBigInt64BE(value, offset = 0) {
    return wrtBigUInt64BE(this, value, offset, -BigInt('0x8000000000000000'), BigInt('0x7fffffffffffffff'));
});

function checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
    if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range');
    if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('Index out of range');
}

function writeFloat(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) {
        checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 4, 3.4028234663852886e+38, -3.4028234663852886e+38);
    }
    ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4);
    return offset + 4;
}

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert);
};

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert);
};

function writeDouble(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
    value = +value;
    offset = offset >>> 0;
    if (!noAssert) {
        checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 8, 1.7976931348623157E+308, -1.7976931348623157E+308);
    }
    ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8);
    return offset + 8;
}

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert);
};

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert);
};

// copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy(target, targetStart, start, end) {
    if (!Buffer.isBuffer(target)) throw new TypeError('argument should be a Buffer');
    if (!start) start = 0;
    if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length;
    if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length;
    if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0;
    if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start;

    // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
    if (end === start) return 0;
    if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0;

    // Fatal error conditions
    if (targetStart < 0) {
        throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds');
    }
    if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range');
    if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds');

    // Are we oob?
    if (end > this.length) end = this.length;
    if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
        end = target.length - targetStart + start;
    }

    const len = end - start;

    if (this === target && typeof Uint8Array.prototype.copyWithin === 'function') {
        // Use built-in when available, missing from IE11
        this.copyWithin(targetStart, start, end);
    } else {
        Uint8Array.prototype.set.call(
            target,
            this.subarray(start, end),
            targetStart
        );
    }

    return len;
};

// Usage:
//    buffer.fill(number[, offset[, end]])
//    buffer.fill(buffer[, offset[, end]])
//    buffer.fill(string[, offset[, end]][, encoding])
Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill(val, start, end, encoding) {
    // Handle string cases:
    if (typeof val === 'string') {
        if (typeof start === 'string') {
            encoding = start;
            start = 0;
            end = this.length;
        } else if (typeof end === 'string') {
            encoding = end;
            end = this.length;
        }
        if (encoding !== undefined && typeof encoding !== 'string') {
            throw new TypeError('encoding must be a string');
        }
        if (typeof encoding === 'string' && !Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
            throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding);
        }
        if (val.length === 1) {
            const code = val.charCodeAt(0);
            if ((encoding === 'utf8' && code < 128) ||
                encoding === 'latin1') {
                // Fast path: If `val` fits into a single byte, use that numeric value.
                val = code;
            }
        }
    } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
        val = val & 255;
    } else if (typeof val === 'boolean') {
        val = Number(val);
    }

    // Invalid ranges are not set to a default, so can range check early.
    if (start < 0 || this.length < start || this.length < end) {
        throw new RangeError('Out of range index');
    }

    if (end <= start) {
        return this;
    }

    start = start >>> 0;
    end = end === undefined ? this.length : end >>> 0;

    if (!val) val = 0;

    let i;
    if (typeof val === 'number') {
        for (i = start; i < end; ++i) {
            this[i] = val;
        }
    } else {
        const bytes = Buffer.isBuffer(val)
            ? val
            : Buffer.from(val, encoding);
        const len = bytes.length;
        if (len === 0) {
            throw new TypeError('The value "' + val +
                '" is invalid for argument "value"');
        }
        for (i = 0; i < end - start; ++i) {
            this[i + start] = bytes[i % len];
        }
    }

    return this;
};

// CUSTOM ERRORS
// =============

// Simplified versions from Node, changed for Buffer-only usage
const errors = {};

function E(sym, getMessage, Base) {
    errors[sym] = class NodeError extends Base {
        constructor() {
            super();

            Object.defineProperty(this, 'message', {
                value: getMessage.apply(this, arguments),
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
            });

            // Add the error code to the name to include it in the stack trace.
            this.name = `${this.name} [${sym}]`;
            // Access the stack to generate the error message including the error code
            // from the name.
            this.stack; // eslint-disable-line no-unused-expressions
            // Reset the name to the actual name.
            delete this.name;
        }

        get code() {
            return sym;
        }

        set code(value) {
            Object.defineProperty(this, 'code', {
                configurable: true,
                enumerable: true,
                value,
                writable: true
            });
        }

        toString() {
            return `${this.name} [${sym}]: ${this.message}`;
        }
    };
}

E('ERR_BUFFER_OUT_OF_BOUNDS',
    function (name) {
        if (name) {
            return `${name} is outside of buffer bounds`;
        }

        return 'Attempt to access memory outside buffer bounds';
    }, RangeError);
E('ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
    function (name, actual) {
        return `The "${name}" argument must be of type number. Received type ${typeof actual}`;
    }, TypeError);
E('ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE',
    function (str, range, input) {
        let msg = `The value of "${str}" is out of range.`;
        let received = input;
        if (Number.isInteger(input) && Math.abs(input) > 2 ** 32) {
            received = addNumericalSeparator(String(input));
        } else if (typeof input === 'bigint') {
            received = String(input);
            if (input > BigInt(2) ** BigInt(32) || input < -(BigInt(2) ** BigInt(32))) {
                received = addNumericalSeparator(received);
            }
            received += 'n';
        }
        msg += ` It must be ${range}. Received ${received}`;
        return msg;
    }, RangeError);

function addNumericalSeparator(val) {
    let res = '';
    let i = val.length;
    const start = val[0] === '-' ? 1 : 0;
    for (; i >= start + 4; i -= 3) {
        res = `_${val.slice(i - 3, i)}${res}`;
    }
    return `${val.slice(0, i)}${res}`;
}

// CHECK FUNCTIONS
// ===============

function checkBounds(buf, offset, byteLength) {
    validateNumber(offset, 'offset');
    if (buf[offset] === undefined || buf[offset + byteLength] === undefined) {
        boundsError(offset, buf.length - (byteLength + 1));
    }
}

function checkIntBI(value, min, max, buf, offset, byteLength) {
    if (value > max || value < min) {
        const n = typeof min === 'bigint' ? 'n' : '';
        let range;
        if (byteLength > 3) {
            if (min === 0 || min === BigInt(0)) {
                range = `>= 0${n} and < 2${n} ** ${(byteLength + 1) * 8}${n}`;
            } else {
                range = `>= -(2${n} ** ${(byteLength + 1) * 8 - 1}${n}) and < 2 ** ` +
                    `${(byteLength + 1) * 8 - 1}${n}`;
            }
        } else {
            range = `>= ${min}${n} and <= ${max}${n}`;
        }
        throw new errors.ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE('value', range, value);
    }
    checkBounds(buf, offset, byteLength);
}

function validateNumber(value, name) {
    if (typeof value !== 'number') {
        throw new errors.ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE(name, 'number', value);
    }
}

function boundsError(value, length, type) {
    if (Math.floor(value) !== value) {
        validateNumber(value, type);
        throw new errors.ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE(type || 'offset', 'an integer', value);
    }

    if (length < 0) {
        throw new errors.ERR_BUFFER_OUT_OF_BOUNDS();
    }

    throw new errors.ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE(type || 'offset',
        `>= ${type ? 1 : 0} and <= ${length}`,
        value);
}

// HELPER FUNCTIONS
// ================

const INVALID_BASE64_RE = /[^+/0-9A-Za-z-_]/g;

function base64clean(str) {
    // Node takes equal signs as end of the Base64 encoding
    str = str.split('=')[0];
    // Node strips out invalid characters like \n and \t from the string, base64-js does not
    str = str.trim().replace(INVALID_BASE64_RE, '');
    // Node converts strings with length < 2 to ''
    if (str.length < 2) return '';
    // Node allows for non-padded base64 strings (missing trailing ===), base64-js does not
    while (str.length % 4 !== 0) {
        str = str + '=';
    }
    return str;
}

function utf8ToBytes(string, units) {
    units = units || Infinity;
    let codePoint;
    const length = string.length;
    let leadSurrogate = null;
    const bytes = [];

    for (let i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
        codePoint = string.charCodeAt(i);

        // is surrogate component
        if (codePoint > 0xD7FF && codePoint < 0xE000) {
            // last char was a lead
            if (!leadSurrogate) {
                // no lead yet
                if (codePoint > 0xDBFF) {
                    // unexpected trail
                    if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
                    continue;
                } else if (i + 1 === length) {
                    // unpaired lead
                    if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
                    continue;
                }

                // valid lead
                leadSurrogate = codePoint;

                continue;
            }

            // 2 leads in a row
            if (codePoint < 0xDC00) {
                if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
                leadSurrogate = codePoint;
                continue;
            }

            // valid surrogate pair
            codePoint = (leadSurrogate - 0xD800 << 10 | codePoint - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
        } else if (leadSurrogate) {
            // valid bmp char, but last char was a lead
            if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
        }

        leadSurrogate = null;

        // encode utf8
        if (codePoint < 0x80) {
            if ((units -= 1) < 0) break;
            bytes.push(codePoint);
        } else if (codePoint < 0x800) {
            if ((units -= 2) < 0) break;
            bytes.push(
                codePoint >> 0x6 | 0xC0,
                codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
            );
        } else if (codePoint < 0x10000) {
            if ((units -= 3) < 0) break;
            bytes.push(
                codePoint >> 0xC | 0xE0,
                codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
                codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
            );
        } else if (codePoint < 0x110000) {
            if ((units -= 4) < 0) break;
            bytes.push(
                codePoint >> 0x12 | 0xF0,
                codePoint >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80,
                codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
                codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
            );
        } else {
            throw new Error('Invalid code point');
        }
    }

    return bytes;
}

function asciiToBytes(str) {
    const byteArray = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
        // Node's code seems to be doing this and not & 0x7F..
        byteArray.push(str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF);
    }
    return byteArray;
}

function utf16leToBytes(str, units) {
    let c, hi, lo;
    const byteArray = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
        if ((units -= 2) < 0) break;

        c = str.charCodeAt(i);
        hi = c >> 8;
        lo = c % 256;
        byteArray.push(lo);
        byteArray.push(hi);
    }

    return byteArray;
}

function base64ToBytes(str) {
    return base64.toByteArray(base64clean(str));
}

function blitBuffer(src, dst, offset, length) {
    let i;
    for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
        if ((i + offset >= dst.length) || (i >= src.length)) break;
        dst[i + offset] = src[i];
    }
    return i;
}

// ArrayBuffer or Uint8Array objects from other contexts (i.e. iframes) do not pass
// the `instanceof` check but they should be treated as of that type.
// See: https://github.com/feross/buffer/issues/166
function isInstance(obj, type) {
    return obj instanceof type ||
        (obj != null && obj.constructor != null && obj.constructor.name != null &&
            obj.constructor.name === type.name);
}

function numberIsNaN(obj) {
    // For IE11 support
    return obj !== obj; // eslint-disable-line no-self-compare
}

// Create lookup table for `toString('hex')`
// See: https://github.com/feross/buffer/issues/219
const hexSliceLookupTable = (function () {
    const alphabet = '0123456789abcdef';
    const table = new Array(256);
    for (let i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
        const i16 = i * 16;
        for (let j = 0; j < 16; ++j) {
            table[i16 + j] = alphabet[i] + alphabet[j];
        }
    }
    return table;
})();

// Return not function with Error if BigInt not supported
function defineBigIntMethod(fn) {
    return typeof BigInt === 'undefined' ? BufferBigIntNotDefined : fn;
}

function BufferBigIntNotDefined() {
    throw new Error('BigInt not supported');
}